Small cation: the high polarizing power stems from the greater concentration of positive charge on a small area.The polarizing power and polarizability that enhances the formation of covalent bonds is favoured by the following factors: The ability of a cation to distort an anion is known as its polarization power and the tendency of the anion to become polarized by the cation is known as its polarizability. If the degree of polarization is quite small, an ionic bond is formed, while if the degree of polarization is large, a covalent bond results. This results in a distortion, deformation or polarization of the anion. When two oppositely charged ions (X + and Y -) approach each other, the cation attracts electrons in the outermost shell of the anion but repels the positively charged nucleus. Lee Y-G, Park H-G, Jeong H-C, Lee JH, Heo G-S, Seo D-S (2015) Homogeneous liquid crystal alignment characteristics on solution-derived HfYGaO films treated with IB irradiation.\)įajan's rules for predicting whether a bond is predominantly Covalent or Ionic CovalentĪlthough the bond in a compound like X +Y - may be considered to be 100% ionic, it will always have some degree of covalent character. Appl Phys Lett 94:223507ĭupin J-C, Gonbeau D, Vinatier P, Levasseur A (2000) Systematic XPS studies of metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides. Lee W-K, Oh B-Y, Lim J-H, Park H-G, Kim B-Y, Na H-J, Seo D-S (2009) Vertical alignment of liquid crystals on a fully oxidized HfO2 surface by ion bombardment.
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